Gentile
英 ['dʒentaɪl]
美 ['dʒɛntaɪl]
- adj. 非犹太人的；异教徒的；非摩门教徒的
- n. 非犹太人；异教徒；异邦人
- n. (Gentile)人名；(法)让蒂勒；(意)真蒂莱；(英)金泰尔
助记提示
1. gent- + -ile.
2. literally "person belonging to the same family or clan".
3. => foreign, heathen, pagan.
4. => non-Jewish people.
5. 该词的本义是表示“同一族群的人”，后来就特指“非犹太族群的其它族群的人”，这是在翻译犹太人的《圣经》时而出现的特指，借译对应的希腊语词“ethnic”，不过“ethnic”的这个特指含义已经废弃不用了。
中文词源
gentile 非犹太人，外邦人来自拉丁文gens, 种族，民族，异族。来自词根gen, 生育，词源同generate. 后用来指非犹太人，外邦人。
英文词源
- gentile (n.)
- "one who is not a Jew," c. 1400; earlier "one who is not a Christian, a pagan" (late 14c.), from Late Latin noun use of Latin gentilis "of the same family or clan, of or belonging to a Roman gens," from gens (genitive gentis) "race, clan" (see genus, and compare gentle).
The Latin adjective also meant "of or belonging to the same nation," hence, as a noun, gentiles (plural) might mean "men of family; persons belonging to the same family; fellow countrymen, kinsmen," but also "foreigners, barbarians" (as opposed to Romans), those bound only by the Jus Gentium, the "law of nations," defined as "the law that natural reason establishes among all mankind and is followed by all peoples alike."
The Latin word then was used in the Vulgate to translate Greek ethnikos (see ethnic), from ta ethne "the nations," which translated Hebrew ha goyim "the (non-Jewish) nations" (see goy). Hence in Late Latin, after the Christianization of Rome, gentilis also could mean "pagans, heathens," as opposed to Christians. Based on Scripture, gentile also was used by Mormons (1847) and Shakers (1857) to refer to those not of their profession.
双语例句
- 1. The other parts of Dr Gentile's study looked at established behaviour.
- Gentile博士 这次研究的其他部分着眼于既定行为.
来自互联网
- 2. Gentile was a former American gangster who had worked for the Allied Military Government in Sicily.
- Gentile是美国的前强盗,他曾为西西里的前盟军政府工作过.
来自互联网
- 3. In short, the end of the gentile constitution was approaching.
- 一句话, 氏族制度已经走到了尽头.
来自英汉非文学 - 家庭、私有制和国家的起源
- 4. Right to bear the gentile name.
- 使用氏族名称的权利.
来自英汉非文学 - 家庭、私有制和国家的起源
- 5. A gentile name confers of itself gentile rights.
- 氏族的人名一开始就同氏族的权利紧密结合在一起.
来自英汉非文学 - 家庭、私有制和国家的起源